PED 211 - Physical Education for Elementary Schools

Chapter 1

Statement of beliefs:

About physical education:

Education should be a process through which all students are able to reach their greatest potential.
All children should be treated equal
Teaching is an art and a science of helping children reach their greatest potential.

Teachers must guide this potential while recognizing the worth and value of every child.

About the child:

All children are unique individuals who learn according to their own level of ability and style of learning.
Teachers need to offer a variety of activities and use a variety of teaching methods
All children are capable of making their own decisions: however, a child must learn to do so in a gradual and systematic way.
Children will learn to make decisions by the teacher providing many experiences during their lesson,

About physical education:

Physical education has a unique, but not exclusive role to play in the education of children.
We will provide experiences that will enhance children's levels of health and fitness. We will teach them concepts and motor skills in a wide selection of activities.
Physical education can and must contribute to the shared goals of education.
Enhancing self direction, self esteem, and cooperative behavior.
Physical education should be an enjoyable and satisfying experience for every child.
All children should be provided with an opportunity to succeed.

There are 80,000 elementary schools.

schools vary in size
physical education facilities are not the same
the status of physical education is low
recommended time allotments are 30 minutes per day or 150 minutes per week
specialists being replaced by the classroom teacher
school budgets cutting down PE, music, art
physically educated individuals have active lifestyles

The definition of a physically educated person: page 7 in your text.

National standards for PE: nationwide content and performance standards are identified for grades K- 12.

Content standards- what students should know and be able to do.

Performance standards- how well: the levels of achievement that students are expected to attain in the content standards.

Goals of Physical Education:

Goal 1: to help each child develop and maintain an optimum level of health and well being and to acquire the knowledge, attitude, and ability to maintain this state of well being throughout life.
Today's interpretation of health related fitness includes strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and body composition (the components of physical fitness). These components need to be stressed on an individual basis.

PE programs must be designed to help children understand:

how their bodies function
the effects of exercise
how to create one's own physical fitness program.

Goal 2: To provide opportunities for children to participate in activities that will enhance their own level of physical growth and development

Evidence has shown that normal growth and development of bone and muscle occur from exercise throughout the growing periods Also: it plays a huge role in the prevention of heart disease.

Goal 3: To provide opportunities to help children develop effective body management and useful physical skills

Everyday activity movements (locomotor and nonlocomotor skills, transfer of weight, movement with change of speed and direction) used in combination can form the complex skills involved in sports, gymnastics, and dance.

A poorly developed motor ability will limit success in physical skills- it must be taught early and reinforced throughout the years.

Can you hop, skip, jump, and gallop?

Goal 4: to help children understand and appreciate the knowledge and concepts related to effective and efficient movement

Goal 5: To help each child develop and acquire the knowledge, skills, attitude, ability, and desire to maintain an active lifestyle.

We must get them to maintain interest as the child progresses through school, and into adulthood. They must have all of the above, and it is achieved through successful PE programs.

Goal 6: To provide opportunities for children to experience enjoyable play experiences.

Goal 7: To provide opportunities to help children develop their intellectual competency.

Goal 8: To provide opportunities for children to develop positive personal and social development.

PE gives the children their first social opportunities in school through small and large group activities.

Goal 9: To provide opportunities for every child to develop a positive self image.

The teacher needs to make lessons so that every child has the chance to succeed, because failure will only give the child a low opinion about themselves and not want to take on new challenges. They get a negative attitude about PE.

Goal 10: To provide opportunities for all children to develop their own creative talents.

In PE, this is done through movement. Factors influencing the direction of PE

individualized programs
movement education
integration of subjects- PE with math, English, social studies.
- multicultural society- teaching games and dances from other countries.
- National physical fitness programs
- Human wellness and positive lifestyle
- Active living
- Equal opportunity for all children
- Title 9- no person should be excluded from participation on the basis of sex. It provided equal opportunity for boys and girls.
Because of title 9, all elem. PE classes are now co-ed.
- Section 504 of the rehab act of 1973-no handicapped person should be excluded from participation (special ed programs).

Concept: The physical education curriculum should be developmentally appropriate for all children.

Each child passes through a series of developmental phases.
A majority of children follow similar sequences of motor development and arrive at developmental points at the same age level. But:
children pass through this according to their own
level of maturity and ability. (remember one kid dominating games in class?)

Teachers have to adjust in their curriculums to allow children to develop and learn according to their own level of interest, ability, and previous experience.