PED 211 - Physical Education for Elementary Schools

Chapter 9

The instructional program- the total experience of activities, methods, and teaching strategies

Curriculum Models

A. Traditional- an activity based program that includes separate content areas of game, dance, gymnastic, and physical fitness.

The primary level curriculum stresses informal participation in low organization activities such as running and tag games, singing games, some stunts and tumbling. Later it moves into more specialized skills.

B. Movement Education- involves 4 elements:

  1. body awareness
  2. space awareness
  3. qualities
  4. relationships

It is an individualized child centered approach that teaches movement concepts and skills at their own rate and level of development. The teacher is a guide or facilitator, so teaching strategies and exploratory methods.

C. Developmental model- a sequence is used in acquiring concepts and skills according to a child's level of ability, interest, and maturity.

It is put into 3 levels:
  1. Early childhood- the child needs a huge exposure to games, dance, and gymnastics because of their short attention span, physical immaturity, and lack of experience.

    Children explore and discover how their bodies work….emphasis should be placed on fundamental skills and movement concepts.

    A large amount of time is spent on locomotor and non locomotor skills compared to the other levels.

  2. Middle childhood- they learn more complex skills and strategies and become more group oriented because they have an understanding of how their bodies work.
  3. Late childhood- motor skills are refined and they become proficient at the complex skills of sports, dance, and gymnastics.

Developing a yearly program…Step:

  1. Establish the aim and goals of the program- what are you trying to achieve?
  2. Select general activity areas- what percentages of time will you do dance, games, gymnastics? This area depends on teacher competence, differences in children's prior experience, and available facilities and equipment. (page 196)
  3. developing instructional units- segments of the yearly program, which normally emphasize one type of activity and lasts a set period of time

Several lessons are necessary to achieve all the desired learning outcomes, so units are formed. In these units you need to include:

  1. Objectives
  2. Sequential list of concepts and skills to be learned
  3. Selection of activities
  4. Organization and teaching strategies
  5. Equipment and facilities
  6. Evaluation
  7. Resources

We will write some units in and out of class, you can use page 198-99 when putting together your units.
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