PED 291 - Physiology of Exercise

Test Review #2

1. Exercise performance can improve by consuming carbohydrate during what kinds of activity?
2. At least _____ of rest reestablishes muscle glycogen after exhaustive training.
3. Glycogen stores are replenished at a rate of ____% per hour.
4. ______ml of water should be consumed prior to exercising in the heat.
5. The ideal oral rehydration solution should contain __________% of carbohydrate.
6. Gastric emptying increases if the ingested fluid is ______________________.
7. _________ causes fatigue because it cannot diffuse into the blood and exercise stops.
8. If energy demands exceed oxygen supply and hydrogen cannot go back and forth to the cell, a substance called _________ is formed. During exercise this is called _____________________.
9. In anaerobic glycolysis, glucose breaks down rapidly into 2 molecules of ___________ without the use of oxygen.
10. The energy source after 8 seconds is ____________________.
11. The enzyme that causes creatine breakdown is ____________.
12. The special carrier for free energy extracted from every cell is called ______________.
13. Consuming about ______ grams of liquid or solid carbos each hour during exercise benefits high intensity long duration erobic exercise and short bouts of near maximal intensity (hockey)
14. Know what staleness is.
15. The most desirable complex carbos exhibit ______ rates of digestion and absorption.
16. What is the purpose of the precompetition meal?
17. What facilitates water uptake in the system?
18. A potential consequence of excessive protein catabolism is __________________.
19. How long does it take to deplete the body's glycogen reserves during strenuous aerobic exercise?
20. How long does it take to digest and absorb a meal?
21. Is there any benefit to fasting prior to exercise?
22. What % of sugar in a fluid slows rehydration?
23. What is the glycemic index?
24. What or is there any benefit to ingestion of a concentrated (soda) glucose solution during rest?
25. The intramuscular high energy phosphates are ___________
26. The functions of carbos in the body related to energy.
27. When will we use energy from the Krebs cycle during an activity?
28. When running sets of 50 meter sprints we are training the ___________________ system.
29. Another term for fat cells is _____________.
30. _____________ causes the greatest lactate formation.
31. What is lipoprotein lipase?
32. The energy released from the breakdown of intramuscular high energy phosphates can sustain all out exercise for ________.
33. Carbohydrate metabolism is important because__________________________________.
34. The most plentiful source of POTENTIAL energy in the body is _________________.
35. Steady rate means:
36. The breakdown of one mole of ATP to ADP liberates ______kcal of free energy.
37. What are enzymes?
38. What are adipocytes?
39. The breakdown of fatty acid components of a triglyceride molecule yields about _______________ the energy for ATP resynthesis compared to glucose breakdown.
40. Deamination occurs in what body organ?
41. What do cells store more of PCr or ATP?
42. The complete oxidation of glucose in skeletal muscle yields _______ ATP.
43. The enzyme _________ catalyses the hydrolysis of PCr.
44. During light exercise oxygen uptake rises sharply at first and then it __________________________.
45. The immediate energy system relies on _____________________.
46. The optimal level of active recovery for lactate removal is an exercise intensity of _______________________.
47. Know the relationship between the oxygen deficit and aerobic training.
48. Know the difference between fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibers.
49. The slow phase of recovery oxygen uptake after high intensity exhaustive exercise occurs largely from _____________________________.
50. It is believed lactate accumulation leads to fatigue because __________________________________.
51. To run a great 220 meter dash you need to train the ______________________ system.
52. The best indicator of one's ability to sustain high intensity aerobic exercise is ________________________.
53. What is the difference between active and passive recovery?
54. The best way to train the aerobic energy system is __________________________.
55. The major adaptations that occur in trained skeletal muscle are:
56. What is the lactate threshold?
57. How does bonking occur?
58. Is it ok to drink a glucose solution during exercise? Find a downside to that in relation to hitting the wall.
59. What is the problem with consuming a large glucose drink?
60. The precompetition meal should consist of ____________________________.
61. When are liquid meals appropriate for the physically active person?
62. If a pre game meal is high in protein, ______________________________________.
63. Should an athlete take more vitamin and mineral than non athletic persons?
64. Gross energy expenditure is:
65. What are differences in the BMR between men and women?
66. Drinking a carbohydrate containing beverage during exercise benefits performance above what %VO2 max?
67. What is hypo and hyperglycemia?The three factors that determine total daily energy expenditure:
68. The running economy of children compared to adults is:
69. Greater economy of effort means that _____________ is lower during steady rate exercise.
70. The sex differences in BMR is largely explained by sex differences in:
71. Running becomes more economical than walking at speeds faster than 8 km per hr.
72. What factor comes into play regarding how much energy a person uses during a marathon compared to another person running it?
73. To determine the economy of physical effort, one should measure _________ during steady rate exercise.
74. What exerts the greatest effort on total daily energy expenditure for a sedentary person?
75. What is the effort of oxygen uptake on someone who runs economically better than someone else?
76. A meal high in _________ exerts the greatest thermic effect.
77. People with ______________ should not use hand held weights during exercise.
78. Anaerobic activity generates _______ blood lactate levels.
79. During exercise an elite male can increase his oxygen uptake ____ to ____ times above his resting value.
80. During steady rate exercise, lactate production becomes balanced by _____________________________.